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The Mazda Miata is known for its lightweight design and exceptional handling, making it a favorite among car enthusiasts. However, many seek to enhance its performance by swapping in a more powerful engine. The LS engine, known for its reliability and performance, is a popular choice. This article outlines how to build a 400 HP street cruiser Miata with an LS swap for under $10,000.
Understanding the LS Engine
The LS engine family, originally designed by General Motors, includes various models that provide excellent power-to-weight ratios. These engines are robust and relatively affordable, making them an ideal choice for performance builds.
- Lightweight aluminum construction
- High horsepower potential with aftermarket support
- Widely available and cost-effective
Choosing the Right Miata
For an LS swap, the best Miata models are the NA (1989-1997) and NB (1998-2005) generations. Both offer a good balance of weight and performance. Consider the following factors when choosing your Miata:
- Condition of the chassis
- Existing modifications
- Price and availability
Budget Breakdown
Staying under $10,000 requires careful budgeting. Here’s a breakdown of essential costs:
- Miata Purchase: $3,000 – $5,000
- LS Engine: $2,500 – $4,000
- Transmission: $1,000 – $1,500
- Wiring and ECU: $500 – $1,000
- Exhaust System: $500 – $1,000
- Miscellaneous Parts: $1,000
Essential Parts for the Swap
To successfully complete an LS swap, you will need several key components:
- LS engine (commonly LS1 or LS6)
- Compatible transmission (T56 or 4L60E)
- Engine mounts and transmission adapter
- Custom exhaust headers
- Wiring harness and ECU
- Radiator and cooling system upgrades
Step-by-Step Installation Guide
1. Preparation
Begin by removing the existing engine and transmission from the Miata. Ensure you have all the necessary tools and workspace to perform the swap efficiently.
2. Engine Mounts
Install the LS engine mounts in the Miata’s engine bay. These mounts are crucial for aligning the engine correctly and ensuring it fits snugly in the chassis.
3. Transmission Installation
Attach the chosen transmission to the LS engine. Secure it in place, ensuring that it aligns properly with the Miata’s driveshaft.
4. Wiring and ECU
Connect the wiring harness and ECU. This step is crucial for the engine to communicate with the Miata’s electrical system. Ensure all connections are secure and properly insulated.
5. Exhaust System
Install the custom exhaust headers and connect them to the exhaust system. Proper exhaust flow is essential for performance, so ensure there are no leaks.
6. Cooling System
Upgrade the radiator and cooling system to handle the increased heat from the LS engine. A larger radiator and efficient fans will help maintain optimal temperatures.
Tuning for Performance
After the installation is complete, tuning the engine is essential for maximizing performance. Consider these tuning options:
- Dyno tuning for optimal power delivery
- Adjusting fuel maps and ignition timing
- Monitoring engine parameters for reliability
Final Thoughts
Building a 400 HP street cruiser Miata with an LS swap under $10,000 is an ambitious but achievable project. With careful planning, budgeting, and execution, you can create a powerful and fun-to-drive vehicle that stands out on the road.