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The Toyota MR2 is a beloved sports car known for its mid-engine layout and agile handling. One of the most popular modifications among enthusiasts is the conversion from a naturally aspirated (NA) engine to a turbocharged version. This conversion can significantly increase power output, transforming the MR2 from a 135 horsepower vehicle to an impressive 220 horsepower. In this article, we will explore the steps, benefits, and considerations involved in this conversion.
Understanding the Toyota MR2
The Toyota MR2, produced from 1984 to 2007, has gone through three generations. The first generation, known as the AW11, featured a 1.6-liter NA engine. The second generation, the SW20, offered a more powerful 2.2-liter NA engine, which is often the base for turbo conversions. The third generation, the ZZW30, introduced a 1.8-liter engine with a turbo variant.
Benefits of Turbo Conversion
Converting an NA MR2 to turbo offers several advantages:
- Significant Power Increase: Boosting horsepower from 135 to 220 HP enhances performance dramatically.
- Improved Torque: Turbocharged engines provide better torque delivery, making acceleration more responsive.
- Enhanced Driving Experience: The added power transforms the MR2 into a more exhilarating ride.
- Potential for Further Modifications: A turbo engine allows for additional upgrades, such as improved suspension and brakes.
Steps for Conversion
Converting your MR2 from NA to turbo involves several key steps:
- Engine Selection: Choose a compatible turbo engine, such as the 3S-GTE, which is designed for turbocharging.
- ECU Upgrade: Install a turbo-compatible engine control unit (ECU) to manage the increased power and fuel delivery.
- Turbocharger Installation: Mount the turbocharger, including all necessary piping and intercooler components.
- Exhaust System Upgrade: Replace the exhaust system to accommodate the turbo and improve airflow.
- Fuel System Enhancement: Upgrade the fuel pump and injectors to support the increased fuel demand.
- Cooling System Modifications: Ensure the cooling system can handle the additional heat generated by the turbo.
Engine Selection
The 3S-GTE engine is the most common choice for MR2 turbo conversions. This engine was originally used in the turbocharged MR2 models and offers a direct fit with minimal modifications. Ensure that you source a reliable engine with a good service history.
ECU Upgrade
Upgrading the ECU is crucial for managing the new turbo setup. A standalone ECU or a remapped factory ECU can optimize performance by adjusting fuel maps and ignition timing to suit the turbocharger’s characteristics.
Turbocharger Installation
The turbocharger installation requires careful planning and execution. This includes fabricating or sourcing the necessary intake and exhaust piping, as well as installing an intercooler to cool the intake air before it enters the engine.
Exhaust System Upgrade
A turbocharged engine requires a free-flowing exhaust system to reduce back pressure. Upgrading to a performance exhaust will enhance turbo spool time and overall efficiency.
Fuel System Enhancement
To support the increased power, the fuel system must be upgraded. This typically involves installing a higher-capacity fuel pump and larger fuel injectors to ensure adequate fuel delivery to the engine.
Cooling System Modifications
The additional heat generated by a turbocharged engine necessitates an upgraded cooling system. Consider installing a larger radiator and additional cooling fans to maintain optimal operating temperatures.
Considerations Before Conversion
Before undertaking a turbo conversion, consider the following:
- Cost: Conversions can be expensive, so budget accordingly for parts and labor.
- Skill Level: Ensure you have the necessary skills or access to a qualified mechanic for the installation.
- Insurance Implications: Check with your insurance provider about coverage for modified vehicles.
- Legal Regulations: Be aware of local emissions and modification laws that may affect your conversion.
Conclusion
Converting a Toyota MR2 from NA to turbo can significantly enhance its performance, increasing horsepower from 135 to 220. While the process requires careful planning and investment, the rewards in terms of driving experience and performance are well worth it for many enthusiasts. If you’re considering this conversion, ensure you do thorough research and consult with experts to achieve the best results.